{"id":1673,"date":"2010-06-02T06:47:19","date_gmt":"2010-06-02T04:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.aquaristclub.org\/aquaristblog\/?p=1673"},"modified":"2010-06-02T06:47:19","modified_gmt":"2010-06-02T04:47:19","slug":"%d0%ba%d1%80%d1%83%d0%bf%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b1%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vovaz.me\/aquaristblog\/?p=1673","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0439"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Sternarchorhamphus

Sternarchorhamphus muelleri<\/p><\/div>22 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u044b\u0431-\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430 Sternarchogiton<\/em>, \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 (Apteronotidae<\/em>), \u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0439\u043d\u0430\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043a Golfo de Paria, Marowijne \u0438 Essequibo, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a Orinoco \u0438 \u0410\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435:
\nSternarchorhynchus axelrodi, Sternarchorhynchus chaoi, Sternarchorhynchus cramptoni, Sternarchorhynchus freemani, Sternarchorhynchus galibi, Sternarchorhynchus goeldii, Sternarchorhynchus hagedornae, Sternarchorhynchus higuchii, Sternarchorhynchus inpai, Sternarchorhynchus jaimei, Sternarchorhynchus kokraimoro, Sternarchorhynchus mareikeae, Sternarchorhynchus marreroi, Sternarchorhynchus mendesi, Sternarchorhynchus montanus, Sternarchorhynchus retzeri, Sternarchorhynchus schwassmanni, Sternarchorhynchus starksi, Sternarchorhynchus stewarti, Sternarchorhynchus taphorni, Sternarchorhynchus villasboasi
\nSternarchorhynchus yepezi<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Analysis of 88 characters of external and internal body systems yielded a phylogenetic reconstruction of the Neotropical electric knifefish genus Sternarchorhynchus (Apteronotidae; Gymnotiformes). The results support a hypothesis of Sternarchorhynchus as the sister group to Platyurosternarchus. A series of synapomorphies, many involving major innovations of the neurocranium, jaws, suspensorium, and associated systems that permit an unusual mode of grasp-suction feeding, support the monophyly of both genera. Synapomorphies largely resolve relationships within Sternarchorhynchus with basal nodes strongly supported by characters pertinent to prey capture and initial processing of food items. These possible key innovations may provide Sternarchorhynchus with a competitive advantage over other clades of the Apteronotidae and account for the species diversity of the genus in Neotropical rivers. Adaptive radiation in Sternarchorhynchus was analysed. Habitat preference transitions repeatedly occurred in the genus between deep-river channel dwelling species and rheophilic species with preferences for higher energy setting including rapids and swift-flowing fluviatile settings. Twenty-two species of Sternarchorhynchus are described as new based on samples that originated in the smaller rivers draining into the Golfo de Paria, the Marowijne and Essequibo River basins, the R\u00edo Orinoco and in particular the Amazon River basin. The 32 species in Sternarchorhynchus make it the most speciose genus in the Apteronotidae.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

de Santana, C.D. \u0438 Vari, R.P. \u0432 Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society<\/a><\/p>\n